Most plant-based meat and dairy alternatives contain lower levels of saturated fat and more fiber than their animal-based counterparts, researchers found.
They also have significantly lower environmental impacts, including reduced greenhouse gas emissions and less water and land use, according to an analysis of the evidence on plant-based alternatives to meat, with cheese, eggs and yogurt.
Researchers from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), who analyzed more than 90 studies and reports from 2016 to 2022, suggested that plant-based alternatives could provide a “useful stepping stone” to a healthy, healthy diet. sustainable, while warning that nutritional value may vary. considerably between products.
Plant-based alternatives “have the potential to be healthier and nutrient-dense,” they said, but added that their nutritional content is complex.
The main ingredient, along with processing techniques and branding, were all critical in determining the nutritional value and environmental impact of a product.
Researchers found that while plant-based alternatives “technically” fall into the category of ultra-processed foods (UPF), the nutritional value of some products meets dietary recommendations, including high fiber and low fiber. in saturated fats.
They added that by establishing a “clear division” between less processed and ultra-processed products, short- and long-term health impacts could be better assessed.
Researchers said evidence suggests that switching to plant-based meats and dairy products has health benefits.
They argue that clearer labeling is needed to help consumers considering a plant-based diet make informed choices based on their health and environmental impact.
Learn more:
Lab-grown meat could be about to take a small step closer to our plates
As a rule-breaking bad vegetable, is lab-grown meat the answer?
“A useful springboard”
Sarah Najera Espinosa, research student at LSHTM and first author of the study, said: “While whole foods are still considered the ‘gold standard’ for healthy, eco-friendly diets, the environmental outcomes and health implications of some new plant-based foods are promising. .
“Our study demonstrated that certain products, such as legume- and vegetable-based beverages and legume- and mycoprotein-based meats, have the potential to be a useful stepping stone in the process of transforming the food system and diet if carefully selected.”
Click to subscribe to ClimateCast wherever you get your podcasts
‘Limited evidence’ suggests swap could be good for health
The academics said the “limited evidence” on swapping meat for plant-based alternatives suggests the change could be good for your health.
But they said the results for plant-based drinks were mixed, with links to micronutrient deficiencies.
On average, meat and beverage alternatives had salt levels comparable to animal products, although meat alternatives contained more sugar and some plant-based cheese alternatives contained 50% more saturated fats than dairy cheese.
The study excluded tofu, tempeh and seitan because they have been part of the traditional Asian diet for centuries and are proven to be a healthy alternative.
